National Occupational Competency Testing Institute (NOCTI) Cosmetology Practice Exam

Which cells in the skin produce melanin?

1. Keratinocytes

2. Melanocytes

3. Fibroblasts

4. Adipocytes

The correct answer is: Melanocytes

Melanocytes are specialized cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis, and they are responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. Melanin plays a crucial role in protecting the skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, as it absorbs and disperses the light to help shield underlying cells from damage. The more melanin produced by melanocytes, the darker the skin tone, which provides an additional protective barrier against sun exposure. Keratinocytes, while important for forming the outer layer of skin and providing a protective barrier, do not produce melanin. Instead, they receive melanin from the melanocytes, which is distributed throughout the skin layers. Fibroblasts are responsible for producing collagen and elastin, which provide structure and elasticity to the skin, but they are not involved in pigment production. Adipocytes, or fat cells, serve to store energy and insulate the body but do not have a role in producing melanin. Understanding the specific functions of these cell types highlights the unique role of melanocytes in skin pigmentation and overall skin health.