National Occupational Competency Testing Institute (NOCTI) Cosmetology Practice Exam

What type of action does the processing lotion have on the hair during chemical permanent waving?

1. Protective

2. Softening

3. Strengthening

4. Stimulating

The correct answer is: Softening

During the process of chemical permanent waving, the processing lotion plays a critical role in altering the structure of the hair to achieve the desired curl or wave pattern. The processing lotion specifically contains chemicals that work to soften the hair, allowing it to reshape more easily as it is wrapped around the perm rods. This softening action breaks the disulfide bonds in the hair's keratin structure, leading to a temporary alteration of the hair's physical properties. Once the processing is complete and the hair is neutralized, it retains the new shape, effectively creating the waves or curls that the client desires. While other options like protective or strengthening actions may be important in other contexts, they do not accurately describe the primary function of the processing lotion during permanent waving. The key focus here is the softening effect, as it is essential for enabling the hair to be molded into the intended style.