National Occupational Competency Testing Institute (NOCTI) Cosmetology Practice Exam

The layer of skin that provides cushioning and insulation is known as:

1. Dermis

2. Epidermis

3. Hypodermis

4. Stratum corneum

The correct answer is: Hypodermis

The layer of skin that provides cushioning and insulation is known as the hypodermis. This layer, also referred to as subcutaneous tissue, is located beneath the dermis and is primarily composed of fat cells (adipose tissue) and connective tissue. This composition is essential for several reasons. Firstly, the fat in the hypodermis serves as an energy reserve, and its insulating properties help to regulate body temperature by retaining heat. Additionally, this layer cushions the underlying structures such as muscles and bones from external impacts, protecting them during movement or contact with surfaces. In contrast, the dermis, which lies above the hypodermis, primarily contains blood vessels, hair follicles, nerve endings, and glands, playing a vital role in sensation and thermoregulation rather than insulation. The epidermis is the outermost layer of skin, providing a protective barrier but lacking the cushioning properties associated with the hypodermis. The stratum corneum is a specific layer of the epidermis, consisting mainly of dead skin cells, which also does not contribute to insulation or cushioning.